SOAP FORMULATION
INTRODUCTION : Soap is a salt of a fatty acid. Household uses for soaps include washing, bathing and other types of housekeeping, where soaps act as surfactants, emulsifying oils to enable them to be carried away by water. An excavation of ancient Babylon revealed evidence that Babylonians were making soaps around 2800 B.C. they made soap from fats boiled with ashes. Soap was used in cleaning wool and cotton used in textile manufacture. The French chemist Eugene-Michel Chevreul put the soap-forming process ( saponification) into concrete chemical term in 1823. Saponification is a process of hydrolysis of fats and oils to produce glycerol and fatty acid salts from the reaction of triglyceride with a strong base such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, but in this experiment , sodium hydroxide is used.The production of soap also can be enhanced by adding fragrance and colourant. Soap was made with industrial processes by the end of 19th century. METHODOLOGY : Chemicals: